1083

Alfonso VI of León and Castile (r. 1077–1109)

Year 1083 (MLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• January 6 – A Castilian army, under Count Gonzalo Salvadórez and his son-in-law Ramiro Garcés, Lord of Calahorra, child of the late King García Sánchez III of Pamplona, enters the surrendered bastion of Rueda, but are then treacherously set upon and killed. Gonzalo, Ramiro, and Ramiro's illegitimate half-brother Sancho Garcés are among the many nobles to lose their lives, in what will be remembered as the 'disaster' or 'treachery of Rueda'.
• Summer – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor besieges Pope Gregory VII in Castel Sant'Angelo at Rome.
• October – While Robert Guiscard is in Italy, emperor Alexios I Komnenos retakes territory previously lost to the Normans, including the town of Kastoria. Several Normans, including Peter Aliphas, switch sides to the Byzantines.
• Reconquista: Castilian forces under Alfonso VI reconquer Talavera de la Reina in the Taifa of Toledo (modern Spain).
• King Sancho Ramírez of Pamplona and Aragon, conquers Graus (located in the Pyrenees).
• King William the Conqueror imprisons his half-brother Odo of Bayeux for planning a military expedition to Italy.

Africa

• Ceuta falls to the Almoravids, after a five-year siege.

Births

• December 1 – Anna Komnene, Byzantine princess (d. 1153)
• Florine of Burgundy, French noblewoman and crusader (d. 1097)
• Li Gang, Chinese politician and Grand Chancellor (d. 1140)
• Qadi Iyad, Almoravid imam and chief judge (qadi) (d. 1149)
• Raymond du Puy, French knight and Grand Master (d. 1160)
• Shin Panthagu, Burmese Buddhist monk and primate (d. 1174)
• Viacheslav I Vladimirovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1154)
• Approximate date
  • Jindřich Zdík (or Henry Zdík), bishop of Olomouc (d. 1150)
  • Otto IV, count palatine of Bavaria (approximate date)

Deaths

• January 6
  • Gonzalo Salvadórez, Spanish nobleman
  • Ramiro Garcés, Spanish nobleman
  • Sancho Garcés, Spanish nobleman
• January 11 – Otto of Nordheim, duke of Bavaria
• September 2 – Munjong of Goryeo, Korean ruler (b. 1019)
• November 2 – Matilda of Flanders, queen consort of England
• December 5 – Sunjong of Goryeo, Korean ruler (b. 1047)
• Adelelm of Jumièges, Norman monk and abbot
• Basil Apokapes (or Apocapes), Byzantine general
• Ermengarde of Tonnerre, French noblewoman
• Nicodemus of Palermo, Italian bishop and saint
• Touzi Yiqing, Chinese Zen Buddhist monk (d. 1032)
• Zeng Gong, Chinese scholar and historian (b. 1019)
• Approximate date – Theodora Doukaina Selvo, Venetian dogaressa (b. 1058)